Archive for June 2018

Theoretical reasoning is reasoning about:

Theoretical reasoning is reasoning about:




a. what we actually do.
b. what we should do.
c. what we should believe.
d. what we should implement.


Answer: C

Practical reasoning is reasoning about:

Practical reasoning is reasoning about: 




a. what we should think.
b. what we should do.
c. what we should believe.
d. what we should share.


Answer: B

Which of the following helps identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risk to be within its risk appetite, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of entity objectives?

Which of the following helps identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risk to be within its risk appetite, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of entity objectives?




a. Risk aversion
b. Risk benchmarking
c. Risk assessment
d. Risk minimization


Answer: C

Which of the following observations is true?

Which of the following observations is true?




a. Obedience to the law is sufficient to fulfill one's ethical duties.
b. The law is very effective at promoting "goods."
c. The law cannot anticipate every new dilemma that businesses might face.
d. An individual's ethical responsibility can never run counter to the law.


Answer: C

Telling organizations that their ethical responsibilities end with obedience to the law:

Telling organizations that their ethical responsibilities end with obedience to the law: 




a. is just inviting more legal regulation.
b. isenough to maintain an ethical business environment.
c. reduces the frequency of corporate scandals.
d. eliminates ambiguity while making personal ethics-related decisions.


Answer: A

Dramatic examples from history, including Nazi Germany and apartheid in South Africa, demonstrate that:

Dramatic examples from history, including Nazi Germany and apartheid in South Africa, demonstrate that:




a. societies valuing freedom welcome laws that require more than the ethical minimum.
b. ethical responsibilities give rise to more and more regulations.
c. obedience to law is sufficient to fulfill one's ethical duties.
d. one's ethical responsibility may run counter to the law.


Answer: D

Ethics requires that the promotion of human welfare be done:

Ethics requires that the promotion of human welfare be done: 




a. based on the personal opinions of the decision maker.
b. based on the level of need of the beneficiaries.
c. understanding the religious beliefs of the beneficiary.
d. in a manner that is acceptable and reasonable from all relevant points of view.



Answer: D

Which of the following is true about values?

Which of the following is true about values?




a. Values are the highest standards of appropriate and proper behavior.
b. Corporate scandals prove the fact that individuals have personal values, but institutions lack values.
c. Values cannot lead to unethical results.
d. Values are underlying beliefs that cause us to act or to decide in a certain way.


Answer: D

The crux of normative ethics is that these disciplines:

The crux of normative ethics is that these disciplines: 




a. presuppose some underlying values.
b. describe what people do.
c. should always involve the study or discipline of ethics.
d. branch away from social ethics to personal ethics.


Answer: A

Norms:

Norms:




a. are the underlying beliefs that cause people to act or to decide one way rather than another.
b. are standards of appropriate and proper behavior.
c. are referred to by the phrase "personal integrity."
d. do not presuppose any underlying values.


Answer: B

Individual codes of conduct based on one's value structures regarding how one should live, how one should act, what one should do, what kind of a person should one be etc. is sometimes referred to as _____.

Individual codes of conduct based on one's value structures regarding how one should live, how one should act, what one should do, what kind of a person should one be etc. is sometimes referred to as _____.




a. morality
b. independence
c. leadership
d. rationality


Answer: A

Like ethics, social sciences such as psychology and sociology also examine human decision making and actions. However, these fields differ from ethics because they are _____.

Like ethics, social sciences such as psychology and sociology also examine human decision making and actions. However, these fields differ from ethics because they are _____. 




a. normative in nature
b. descriptive in nature
c. persuasive in nature
d. stipulative in nature


Answer: B

Which of the following observations is true of ethics?

Which of the following observations is true of ethics?



a. It is descriptive in nature.
b. It deals with our reasoning about how we should act.
c. It provides an account of how and why people act the way they do.
d. It is equivalent to law-abiding behavior.


Answer: B

Which of the following is an approach advocated while teaching ethics?

Which of the following is an approach advocated while teaching ethics?




a. Teachers should teach ethical dogma to a passive audience.
b. Teachers should consider acceptance of customary norms as an adequate ethical perspective.
c. Teachers should understand that their role is only to tell the right answers to their students.
d. Teachers should challenge students to think for themselves.


Answer: D

Which of the following best describes ethics?

Which of the following best describes ethics? 




a. An academic discipline which originated in the early 1900s
b. A descriptive approach that provides an account of how and why people do act the way they do
c. The study of how human beings should properly live their lives
d. A descriptive approach such as psychology and sociology


Answer: C

Which of the following is the objective of the Grayson-Himes Pay for Performance Act?

Which of the following is the objective of the Grayson-Himes Pay for Performance Act?




a. To ban future "unreasonable and excessive" compensation at companies receiving federal bailout money
b. To set up the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in the wake of accounting scandals that rocked the private sector
c. To outlaw the practice of backdating of stock options awarded to senior management
d. To set upper limits on executive pay based on average employee salary in all private sector organizations



Answer: A

Identify the bill that was passed in April 2009 to amend the executive compensation provisions of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 to prohibit unreasonable and excessive compensation and compensation not based on performance standards.

Identify the bill that was passed in April 2009 to amend the executive compensation provisions of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 to prohibit unreasonable and excessive compensation and compensation not based on performance standards.




a. Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Performance and Results Act
b. Employee Pay Comparability Act
c. Grayson-Himes Pay for Performance Act
d. Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act


Answer: C

Which of the following best describes a business stakeholder?

Which of the following best describes a business stakeholder?




a. Only the minority shareholders in a business entity
b. Only those who have acquired significant shares in a firm
c. Anyone who audits a firm
d. Anyone who affects or is affected by decisions made within a firm


Answer: D

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?




a. Ethical decision making is limited to the type of major corporate decisions with social consequences.
b. Every employee does not face an issue that requires ethical decision making.
c. All ethical decisions can be covered by economic, legal, or company rules and regulations.
d. Ethical decision making should rely on the personal values and principles of the individuals involved.


Answer: D

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?




a. Ethical decision making is limited to the type of major corporate decisions with social consequences.
b. At some point, every worker will be faced with an issue that will require ethical decision making.
c. All ethical decisions can be covered by economic, legal, or company rules and regulations.
d. Ethical decision making should not rely on the personal values and principles of the individuals involved.


Answer: B

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?

Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in business?




a. Ethical decision making is not limited to the type of major corporate decisions with dramatic social consequences.
b. Every employee does not face an issue that requires ethical decision making.
c. All ethical decisions can be covered by economic, legal, or company rules and regulations.
d. Ethical decision making should not rely on the personal values and principles of the individuals involved.


Answer: C
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